Depends how many carbs you ate. If it wasn't many (say, a single slice of bread, a couple of spoonfuls of rice or pasta), less than a day. If it was lots (a whole baguette, a take-away restaurant portion of rice), maybe up to 3 days.
The tricky thing is getting past the munchies that seem to develop if you've had a few too many carbs. If you can get past them (and I'm having trouble with them at the moment!), you're home and dry.